Igwe anaghị agba nchara bụ ugbu a bụ nke a na -ahụkarị, nke a na -ejikarị na nnukwu ntupu igwe n'ahịa. Ihe a na -akpọkarị igwe anaghị agba nchara na -ezo aka na ntupu igwe anaghị agba nchara.
Nke mbụ, ka anyị ghọta mmetụta nke ọtụtụ isi ihe dị na igwe anaghị agba nchara na arụmọrụ igwe anaghị agba nchara:
1. Chromium (Cr) bụ isi ihe na -ekpebi nzere nchara nke igwe anaghị agba nchara. A na-ekewa nchara nchara n'ime corrosion kemịkal na corrosion na-abụghị kemịkal. N'oké okpomọkụ, ọla na -eji ikuku oxygen eme ihe ozugbo iji mepụta oxides (nchara), nke bụ corrosion kemịkal; na ụlọ okpomọkụ, a corrosion bụ na-abụghị chemical corrosion. Chromium dị mfe imepụta nnukwu ihe nkiri passivation na igwe na -eme ka oxidizing. Ihe nkiri passivation a kwụsiri ike ma zuo oke, ma jidesie ya ike na ọla ala, na -ekewapụ ntọala na ọkara kpamkpam, si otú a na -eme ka nguzogide corrosion nke alloy dị. 11% bụ njedebe kachasị nke chromium na igwe anaghị agba nchara. A naghị akpọkarị steels nwere chromium na -erughị 11% igwe anaghị agba nchara.
2. Nickel (Ni) bụ ihe na-eguzogide corrosion nke ọma yana isi ihe na-emepụta austenite na nchara. Mgbe agbakwunyere nickel na igwe anaghị agba nchara, usoro ahụ na -agbanwe nke ukwuu. Ka ọdịnaya nke nickel na igwe anaghị agba nchara na -abawanye, austenite ga -abawanye, na nguzogide corrosion, nguzogide okpomoku dị elu, na ịrụ ọrụ nke igwe anaghị agba nchara ga -abawanye, si otú a na -eme ka arụmọrụ nchara rụọ ọrụ oyi. Ya mere, igwe anaghị agba nchara nwere ọdịnaya nickel dị elu dabara adaba maka ịbịaru ezigbo waya na obere waya.
3. Molybdenum (Mo) nwere ike melite nguzogide corrosion nke igwe anaghị agba nchara. Mgbakwunye molybdenum na igwe anaghị agba nchara nwere ike ịga n'ihu n'ihu igwe anaghị agba nchara, si otú a na -emeziwanye nguzogide nchara nke igwe anaghị agba nchara. Molybdenum enweghị ike ịmalite mmiri ozuzo na igwe anaghị agba nchara iji kpalie molybdenum, si otú a na -emeziwanye ike ọdụdọ nke igwe anaghị agba nchara.
4. Carbon (C) na -anọchi anya "0" na ihe igwe anaghị agba nchara. A "0" pụtara na ọdịnaya carbon dị obere ma ọ bụ hara ka 0.09%; "00" pụtara na ọdịnaya carbon erughị ma ọ bụ ha ka 0.03%. Ịbawanye ọdịnaya carbon ga -ebelata nguzogide nchara nke igwe anaghị agba nchara, mana ọ nwere ike ịbawanye ike nke igwe anaghị agba nchara.
E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nchara nchara, gụnyere austenite, ferrite, martensite na duplex igwe anaghị agba nchara. N'ihi na austenite nwere arụmọrụ zuru oke nke ọma, ọ bụghị magnetik ma nwee ike na plastik dị elu, a na-eji ya maka nhazi ntupu waya. Igwe anaghị agba nchara Austenitic bụ igwe anaghị agba nchara kacha mma. Igwe anaghị agba nchara Austenitic nwere 302 (1Cr8Ni9), 304 (0Cr18Ni9), 304L (00Cr19Ni10), 316 (0Cr17Ni12Mo2), 316L (00Cr17Ni14Mo2), 321 (0Cr18Ni9Ti) na ụdị ndị ọzọ. Na -ekpe ikpe site na ọdịnaya nke chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), na molybdenum (Mo), waya 304 na 304L nwere ezigbo arụmọrụ n'ozuzu ya na nguzogide corrosion, ma ugbu a bụ waya nwere nnukwu igwe anaghị agba nchara; 316 na 316L nwere nickel dị elu, yana molybdenum, ọ kacha dabara maka ịbịaru wires dị mma, yana nwee ezigbo nguzogide corrosion na nguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu. Nnukwu mesh nke nwere oke ahịhịa abụghị ihe ọzọ karịa ya.
Na mgbakwunye, anyị kwesịrị ichetara ndị enyi nke onye na -emepụta mesh waya na waya igwe anaghị agba nchara nwere mmetụta oge. Mgbe etinyere ya n'ime ụlọ okpomọkụ ruo oge ụfọdụ, a na -ebelata nrụgide nrụrụ nhazi, yabụ waya igwe anaghị agba nchara mgbe oge ka mma iji dị ka ntupu a kpara akpa.
N'ihi na igwe anaghị agba nchara nwere njirimara nke nguzogide acid, nguzogide alkali, nguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu, ike tensile na nguzogide abrasion, ọ dabara adaba maka nyocha ụmụ ahụhụ na ncha ncha n'okpuru ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi acid na alkali. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, a na -eji ụlọ ọrụ mmanụ dị ka enyo apịtị, a na -eji ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ dị ka nzacha ihuenyo, a na -eji ụlọ ọrụ elektrọnik dị ka enyo enyo, na igwe igwe, rọba, aerospace, agha, ọgwụ, nri na ụlọ ọrụ ndị ọzọ. a na -eji gas na nzacha mmiri na nkewa mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ.
Oge ezipụ: Jul-23-2021